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• Science: Biology: Mycology: Lichens  (21)

» Black Lichen: Lichina pygmaea - Photograph and information on this maritime species and a map showing its distribution in Britain.




» Black Shields: Tephromela atra - Photograph and information on this species with a map showing its distribution in Britain.




» Caloplaca coralloides - Research project by Megan Kelso provides photographs and plenty of information on this lichen which can be found living on rocks close to the sea.




» Catalog of California Lichens - 1575 species have been identified from this state, the great geographic diversity being responsible for the relatively large number of lichens found.




» Cetraria islandica - Photograph and information on this lichen which has been used as a food in time of famine.




» Cetraria islandica: Iceland Moss - Information on the edible, medicinal and other uses of this lichen from the Plants for a Future database.




» Checklist of UK Recorded Lichens - Provides a list of all the species known to be found in the United Kingdom.




» Cladina: Reindeer Lichens - Information and photographs of Cladina mitis, C. rangiferina and C. stellaris, their description, habitat and other notes.




» Cladonia: Club Lichens and Cup Lichens - Photographs and information on these lichens, their description, habitat and other notes.




» Cladonia cristatella - Article by Tom Volk on the British soldier lichen, where the fungal element is associated with the green alga, Trebouxia erici.




» Cladonia rangifera - Article by Tom Volk on this lichen, often known as Reindeer Moss, and on lichens in general.




» Common Orange Lichen: Xanthoria parietina - Photograph and information on this species and a map showing its distribution round the coasts of Britain.




» Cryptothecia rubrocincta, the Christmas Lichen - Photographs and article by Tom Volk on this spectacular lichen which can be found in the tropical regions of the Americas.




» The Earthlife Web Lichen Image Directory - About 40 images of lichens, including some unidentified ones.




» FIA Lichen Indicator - The Forest Inventory and Analysis service in the United States monitors the lichen community in order to assess the impact of air pollution on forest health.




» Growth and Development in Lichens - Each species of lichen has its own preferred substrate. This article describes how and where they grow and the extremes of climate that they can tolerate.




» Identifying North American Lichens: A Guide to the Literature - Provides general lichen references including works for beginners, lichen keys online, and a lichen bibliography by genus.




» Introduction to Lichens - A lichen is a combination of two organisms which live together intimately. Information on their fossil record, life history and ecology, systematics and morphology.




» Letharia vulpina - Photograph of Wolf Lichen which in the past was put to many uses by the indigenous peoples in North America.




» LIAS - Provides a global information system for lichenized and non-lichenized ascomycetes.




» Lichen Determination Keys Available on the Internet - Provides links to keys providing details of the lichens that can be found in many countries throughout the world.




» Lichen Images - Provides photographs of about 50 species.




» A Lichen in Close-up - Images of a lichen at three different magnifications, the most detailed showing the algal and fungal components.




» Lichen Pictures - Photographs of Acolium hawaiiense, Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides, Anaptychia leucomelos, Bacidia medialis, Bryoria furcellata, B. smithii, Buellia aeruginascens, B. proximata, B. pruinosa, B. tincta, Caloplaca erythrantha and Teloschistes flavicans.




» Lichen Portrait Gallery - Photographs of over eighty species of lichen from North America.




» Lichenland - Offers ways to find out more about lichens including Lichenlite, an introduction for children. For more advanced study there is a synoptic key and an identification aid.




» Lichens - An illustrated introduction to the lichens with information on their ecology and reproduction.




» Lichens - Photographs of several species of lichen growing in their natural habitat in Hawaii.




» Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Pollution - Technical article discussing how lichens play prominent roles in air pollution studies because of their sensitivity to different gaseous pollutants, particularly sulfur dioxide.




» Lichens: Dual Organisms - Twenty four photographs ranging from lichen covered rock faces, through individual species to magnified sections, published in a pictorial supplement to the Fifth Kingdom.




» Lichens of North America - Details of the book of this name, and an interesting introduction to the biology of lichens and their relationships with man and the environment.




» Life on the Rocks - A peep into the world of lichens by Paul James with photographs of a number of species growing in Wales.




» MarLIN Image Gallery - Photographs of a number of species of lichen often found growing close to the sea.




» Niebla and Vermilacinia Communities - Photographs and information on the lichens in the Ramalinaceae family found in California and Baja California.




» Orange Sea Lichen: Caloplaca marina - Photograph and information on this maritime species with a map showing its distribution in Britain.




» Parelle: Ochrolechia parella - Photograph and information on this maritime species with a map showing its distribution in Britain.




» Peltigera aphthosa - Photograph and description of the freckle pelt or spotted dog lichen, its habitat and other notes.




» Plants Profile for Fayodia striatula - Details of this lichenous member of the family Tricholomataceae.




» Ramalina fastigiata with Xanthoria parietina - Photograph of these two lichens growing together on a branch.




» Reproduction and Reproductive Structures - Outline with diagrams of the two fundamentally different sorts of reproductive bodies possessed by lichens, and the three main types of vegetative reproduction where pieces of lichen detach.




» Sea Ivory: Ramalina siliquosa - Photograph and information on this maritime species and a map showing its distribution in Britain.




» Tar Lichen: Verrucaria maura - Photograph and information on this maritime species with a map showing its distribution round the coasts of Britain.




» Verrucaria mucosa - Photograph and information on this maritime species and a map showing its distribution in Britain.




» Walton Hall Nature Trail - Take a walk through the churchyard to see what lichens grow on the different man-made outcrops of stone.




» The World of Lichenology - Information on the International Association of Lichenologists, photographs of various lichens and links to other lichen-related websites.

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